The Linux Filesystem
Linux organizes everything in a tree structure starting from / (called "root").
Key Directories
| Directory | Purpose |
|---|---|
/ | Root — top of the tree |
/home | User home directories |
/etc | Configuration files |
/var | Variable data (logs, databases) |
/usr | User programs and libraries |
/bin | Essential commands (ls, cp, mv...) |
/tmp | Temporary files |
/dev | Device files |
/proc | Process and system info |
Your Home Directory
As user student, your home directory is /home/student. This is where you have full write access. The symbol ~ is a shortcut for your home directory.
Paths
- Absolute path — starts from root:
/home/student/documents - Relative path — relative to current location:
documents/hello.txt